WIFI VS WIMAX

Wimax
A. History of Wimax

According to James A. Johnson (Vice President, Intel Communications Group / General Manager, Wireless Networking Group), a term derived from the abbreviation of wireless WiMax (abbreviated Wi) Microwave Access (abbreviated MAX). WiMax is like WiFi in terms of technology use the same modulation. This technology called OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing). OFDM is a digital modulation system in which a signal is divided into several channels with a narrow frequency band and close together, with each channel using a different frequency. The technology was developed in the 1960's - 1970's. This technology was developed at the time of the study to reduce the frequency interference between different channels that were located close together.
B. Understanding Wimax
WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a broadband wireless access technologies (broadband wireless access BWA or abbreviated) which have high speed access to a wide range. WiMAX is an evolution of previous BWA technology with features that are more attractive. Besides the high data rates can be given, WiMAX is also a technology with open standards. WiMAX device in the sense of communication between different vendors can still be made (not proprietary). With the large data rates (up to 70 MBps), WiMAX can be applied to broadband connections 'last mile', or backhaul..

IEEE 802.16 specificationA. Range: up to 50 km radius of the data base station.2. Speed ​​of 70 mb per second.3. LOS (Line Of Sight) is not needed between user and base station.4. Frequency band 2-11 GHz and 10-66 GHz (licensed and unlicensed bands).

              In general, Wimax consists of two parts:
A. Power Wimax is the same as the concept of a cell phone tower can cover an area of ​​8000 square km converage2. WiMAX Receiver is a mini box or PCMCIA card that is planted directly into the laptop as Wifi access at this time.
Element needed WiMAX Devices in building and configuring WiMAX

   A. Base Station (BS)
Is the transceiver (transmitter and receiver) are usually installed one location (colocated) with a network of Internet Protocol (IP). Of this BS will be connected to multiple CPE interfaces with media of radio waves (RF), which follows the WiMAX standard. BS components consist of:NPU (networking card processing unit)AU (access unit card) up to 6 +1PIU (power interface unit) 1 +1AVU (air ventilation unit)PSU (power supply unit) 3 +1

   2. Antenna
BS antennas can be used in sectors of 60 °, 90 °, or 120 ° depending on the area to be served.

   3. Subscriber Station (SS)
In general, Subscriber Station (SS) or (Customer Premises Equipment) CPE consists of Outdoor Unit (ODU) and Indoor Unit (IDU), there is a separate radio device and there are integrated with the antenna.
C. Wimax Applications in Technology
A. Backhaul ApplicationsWiMax for backhaul applications can then be used to backhaul WiMax itself, backhaul backhaul Hotspot and other technologies.2. WiMax BackhaulIn the context of WiMax as the backhaul of WiMAX applications is similar to BTS as a repeater function that aims to broaden the reach of WiMax.3. Hotspot BackhaulIn general, many hotspots using ADSL lines as its backhaul to connect to the internet connection. With the limitations of wired networks, it can also be used as a WiMax hotspot backhaul.4. Backhaul Other TechnologiesAs other backhaul technologies, WiMax can be used for cellular backhaul. The following figure illustrates WiMax to connect MSC / BSC to the BTS site.5. Broadband AccessWiMax can be used as the "Last Mile" broadband technology to serve the needs of the customer. With more capacity on the QoS (Quality of Service), the WiMax can be used to serve residential and business customers with different service.
6. Personal BroadbandWiMax as a provider of personal broadband service, can be divided into two, namely the market share that is nomadic and mobile. Picture of the details as follows:

               A. Nomadic
For nomadic solution, then usually the displacement of the user and if WiMax does not often move in a low speed. Devices will usually not as simple for mobile applications.

               2. Mobile
For mobile applications, the user is using WiMax as WiFi terminals such as notebook, PDA or smartphone. Migration / mobility rate similar to WiFi. The difference is then used when using WiMax WiMax card installed in the terminal.
COMPANY MAKING THE WIMAXA. Motorola2. InfiNet Wireless3. Aperto4. EION5. Axxcelera
D. How it Works Wimax
WiMAX network topology supports PTP (Point to Point) and PMP (Point to Multipoint). At each BS PTP network topology to be connected to another BS using a directional antenna with one another (directional antenna). While the PMP network each BS will serve many users by using the antenna in all directions (omnidirectional antenna).


WiMAX Network TopologyPoint to Point Point to Multipoint
 https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTxTMQZf8_OGKUHhOpU1P5B9eZY8EpGHQdyunGo5WUcbRlrU8DOA3eOXSfKFLGdb8E1EJJ2VneXHSnLKW683PIODPLcXhl8j_Ta4ZIQItfWVax5J6XC8sNj_EiM4IzQWjiYmrV5gFajUE/s320/figure2.jpg
There are two forms of the wave beam which will be awarded WiMAX are:

   A. Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS), a small antenna from a laptop connected to a WiMAX tower. In this mode, WiMAX uses a lower frequency range which 2-11 GHz (such as WiFi).
   2. Line-Of-Sight (LOS), a parabolic antenna leads directly to a WiMAX tower. These transmissions use higher frequencies, with ranges reaching up to 66 GHz. At higher frequencies, the interference is lower and its higher bandwidth.


E. Wimax Technology Benefits

   A. The producers will get new land mikrolektronik to be done, by making chips more general that can be used by many manufacturers to make BWA perangkatwireless it. The producers do not need to develop solutions perangkatwireless end-to-end for users, because it has a clear standard available.
   2. For Telecommunications Operator, can save the investment, because kemampuanWIMAX can serve customers with a wider area and with a higher compatibility.
   3. Can serve parasubscriber, both of which are at the line of sight (LOS) and which allows for no line of sight (NLOS). WiMAXmemang designed to better serve users who use fixed antenna (fixed wireless) as well as to frequent the place moving (nomadic). WiMAX is not only able to serve only the users with the antenna fixed it for example on diperkantoran buildings, houses, shops and so on.

Wimax can diimplimentasikan to:A. Backhaul, which is a hotspot backhaul, WiMAX and technology2. Broadband access, which is to meet the needs of broadband access for both enterprise and residential3. Personal broadband, which is to meet the needs of both the nomadic and mobile broadband.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Wimax
Excess

   A. One post a transmitter capable of handling up to hundreds of users
   2. Connection is very fast even though the distance is very far away, that can reach 72Mbps in the range distance of 10 km
   3. Able to handle many functions such as offering high-speed internet, providing phone service, data transformation, video streaming and other devices that support IEEE 802.16 Wimax broadband standards.
   4. Data speed. WiMAX is able to deliver data at up to speeds of 70 Mbps per channel
   5. Reach distance. Reach up to 50 kilometers Security WiMAX technology is designed with a high level of security with the ability of QoS (Quality of Service)
   6. Flexible. Not depend on the cable, the other with a DSL that requires a network cable, then WiMAX is independent of the cable infrastructure is available
   7. Costs. Infrastructure development is much faster and cheaper than broadband access
   8. Non Line of Sight WiMAX does not require direct visibility (line of sight) between the transmitter and the recipient

Shortage
A. Regulation. The absence of government regulation, especially concerning the frequency of problems2. Device. Not many devices available for the completion of the certification process. This is due to newly ratified 802.16e standard, so that the vendor takes time to design equipment in accordance with these standards.3. The frequency allocation of the operating frequency diversity will lead to interoperability problems. The problem is caused by the allocation of WiMAX frequencies varying in each state, so the WiMAX device in every state will follow the operating frequency in which WiMAX is operated.4. WiMAX technology is the reliability level of networking technology that is still in development stage so immature technology and proven reliability in actual conditions.5. Bad weather climate such as rain can disrupt the signal.





F. Wifi and Wimax difference
WiFi and WiMax basically do not have much of a difference, but WiMax has several advantages over WiFi. Here are a few differences in WiFi and Wimax

   A. Coverage Area (Distance)
If the WiFi coverage area only covers beberpa meters, which can only be sufficient internet access on only one building alone. Another case with WiMax, which has a wider coverage area coverage, which is about 50 km.

   2. Features
WiMax has more features than WiFi, so that a base station can serve more users to access interenet.

   3. Frequency
WiFi uses 5.8 GHz frequency, while WiMax uses frequencies other than 5.8 GHz, 2.5 GHz are also using the frequency and 3.5 GHz. It allows us to increase the output power of WiMAX devices that can reach longer distances.

   4. LoS (Line of Sight)
WiMax standard provides a connection without the need LoS, while WiFi is not.LoS is the position of devices that wish to communicate is still within sight of the straight and free of any obstructions in front of the BTS and that does not allow for it (Non-Line Of Sight). So no matter where its users are located, while it is included in the coverage area of ​​a BTS (Base Transceiver Stations), they may still be able to enjoy the connection that delivered by the BTS. This makes WiMAX has the reliability and quality of service better than Wi-Fi. With a range greater distance, and the ability to pass through various barriers such as buildings or trees, WiMAX appropriate for application in urban areas that have office buildings and residential areas.
G. WiMax technology development in Indonesia
With the new technology, namely WiMax technology with various advantages, then Indonesia as one of the developing world is also co-developed the technology to meet the demand for internet access for the Indonesian people themselves are also getting wider. Needs may include in some areas, including economics, business, education, health and so forth.
Some reasons for WiMAX technology will be built in Indonesia, among others:

   A. Most of the population of Indonesia is located in the Rural (Rural) - 62 806 17 504 villages in the island
   2. The limited number and coverage area of ​​telecommunications infrastructure Indonesia.
   3. Availability of internet access is not evenly distributed.
   4. The high cost of installation of communications infrastructure.
   5. Broadband access needs of eminence in the international and national markets.

However, such development does not always work well, there are several challenges and obstacles must be followed in the construction of this new technology, but some things can be dealt with eventually.









Bibliography
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